Deafblindness
Deafblindness brings together in one person a significant impairment of both sight and hearing. The two channels through which information and the link with others usually pass are affected together, which places touch at the centre of communication and orientation.
The degree varies a great deal from one person to another: some keep some remaining sight or hearing, others do not. In every case, the meeting with the outside world is built through contact, movement and stable landmarks, and the presence of others must be signalled so as not to appear out of nowhere.
You do not get the attention of a deafblind person by waving a hand or calling from a distance: you make contact through touch, a hand placed gently on the shoulder or forearm. This gesture, which signals a presence, replaces the met gaze and the hello called out at the entrance to a room.
From this contact, communication can take various forms: signs traced in the palm, tactile sign language, the alphabet on the hand, large high-contrast print for those who keep some remaining sight. The common thread stays the same: say who you are when arriving and give notice when leaving, otherwise the conversation breaks off without explanation for the person.
A world perceived through contact
When sight and hearing are missing together, information no longer comes spontaneously to the person: it is they who must go and find it, or that must be brought to them through other channels. Space, movement and exchanges then reorganise around touch and reliable landmarks.
- Knowing who is present and who is speaking requires being actively informed.
- Moving in an unfamiliar place calls for guidance and constant points of reference.
- Each exchange demands sustained concentration, hence quick tiredness.
- Isolation looms as soon as those around forget to keep contact.
What keeps the connection
Simple codes, shared by those around, are enough to make exchanges fluid and reassuring. The regularity of these gestures matters as much as the gestures themselves.
- Touch the hand or shoulder before speaking, to signal your presence.
- Introduce yourself every time and announce your departure.
- Keep living spaces arranged in a stable way, without moving the landmark objects.
- Rely on the channel that works best for the person (touch, remaining sight or hearing).
Possible accommodations
Support rests on adapted guidance, tactile or high-contrast materials, and the presence of people trained in this specific communication.
- At school: support from a trained AESH (a teaching assistant for students with disabilities, in France), tactile or large high-contrast materials, and a PPS (a personalised schooling plan, in France) coordinating those working around the student.
- At work: an adapted workstation with technical aids, the use of a tactile-communication interpreter depending on the situation, and the support of an RQTH (recognition of disabled-worker status, in France) through the MDPH (the departmental disability office, in France) to fund the adaptations.
- In daily life: a stable and well-organised environment, guidance for new journeys, and those around consistently applying the contact codes.
Explanations based on your profile
Choose a profile to read the matching explanation.
Deafblindness explained to a Child
0–12 years oldImagine you could not see well or hear well at the same time. It is as if two of your superpowers for understanding the world around you did not work very well. It makes things harder, but it is not impossible!
People in this situation use their hands a lot to talk and understand. You can write in their palm, make signs they can feel, or simply touch them so they know you are there.
It is important to always let the person know: say "it's me" before talking to them, or hold their hand so they feel you arriving. These small, simple gestures make everything easier and more reassuring for them.
Yes, it is tiring for this person, because they really have to concentrate to understand. But they can still have friends, play, and live lots of adventures!
Deafblindness explained to a Family caregiver
0–99 years oldDeafblindness is when both sight and hearing are strongly affected. The person cannot make up for one with the other as you might imagine: they have to find other paths to communicate and understand the world around them.
In practice this means:
- Touch becomes the main link, signs in the hand, words traced on the palm, gestures to communicate.
- The person needs to know who is there and who is speaking, a simple announcement ("it's Marie") before speaking or touching them makes all the difference.
- Exchanges take a lot of energy, each conversation requires intense focus, which is why tiredness is real.
What you do every day, touching their hand before speaking, saying your name, signalling when you leave, may seem like nothing, but it is fundamental to their safety and dignity. You are their link with the world. It is an important role, and it is normal to find it emotionally demanding.
Deafblindness explained to a Preteen
7–12 years oldDeafblindness is when someone sees very poorly and hears very poorly at the same time. To understand the world, they rely mainly on touch.
In everyday life, you might notice:
- communication through signs in the hand, or writing on the palm,
- a need to be told who is arriving and who is speaking,
- significant tiredness after each exchange.
You can help in really simple ways:
- by taking their hand before speaking, to signal your presence,
- by saying your name every time, even if they know you well.
Touch is their main window onto the world. Respecting it means respecting their compass.
Deafblindness explained to a Brother or sister
12–99 years oldYour brother or sister is both visually impaired and hard of hearing. The two senses that normally let us understand what's going on around us, sight and hearing, work less well at the same time. It's a bit like having to communicate with your eyes closed and without hearing.
So they mainly use touch to understand. It can be signs traced in the palm of the hand, or letters written on the arm. It's their way of "reading" what's being said.
What also changes: you always have to let them know before you speak (touch their hand, say who you are), and let them know when you're leaving. Without that, they wouldn't know at all what's happening. It's tiring for them, because every conversation takes a lot of focus.
These small gestures, touching before speaking, saying your name, signaling when you leave, become your codes together. They make things easier and more respectful.
Deafblindness explained to a Close friend
12–99 years oldWhen we talk about deafblindness, we're talking about a person who has serious difficulty both seeing and hearing at the same time. It's a bit like two doorways to the world closing at once, you have to invent other ways to understand each other and feel together.
To keep a natural, warm relationship, a few simple gestures make all the difference: before speaking, touch their hand or arm so they know you're there. Say your name, explain who just spoke. And when you leave, signal it rather than disappearing without warning.
They may communicate by placing their hands on yours or by writing on your palm, that's their way of staying in contact with the world. Yes, it takes more effort from everyone, but it makes the moments together more real, more intentional. A friendship is also built on these small codes that say "I'm here, I'm thinking of you."
Deafblindness explained to a Teenager
13–17 years oldDeafblindness is when someone has significant difficulty seeing AND hearing at the same time. Imagine losing your two main ways of receiving information: you cannot read lips, you cannot easily read a text message. It is a real challenge for communicating.
But it does not mean total isolation. These people use their sense of touch: you can spell words in their hand, trace letters on their palm, or simply touch them to say "I'm here".
A few simple gestures change everything: touching gently before speaking, saying your name, signalling when you arrive or leave. These small codes are about respect and clarity. It takes more effort, true, but it is possible to really communicate.
Social life exists, just organised differently. With patience and habits you build together, the exchange becomes natural. It is something we can all learn.
Deafblindness explained to a Young adult
18–25 years oldDeafblindness means facing a significant loss of both sight AND hearing at the same time. Two of the main senses for communicating and exploring the world are affected, which calls for a complete rethink of how we interact.
- The person mainly uses touch to communicate: signs traced in the hand, writing on the palm, physical contact to understand what is happening around them.
- They need to know who is there and who is speaking; without this information, it is hard to follow a conversation or feel at ease.
- Exchanges take a lot of energy: each interaction requires intense focus, which can create real tiredness.
- A rich social life is entirely possible, but it is organised differently: with simple codes such as touching the hand before speaking, saying your name, signalling when you leave.
These small gestures that seem obvious to us? They become essential so the person stays connected, independent, and an active part of their own social life.
Deafblindness explained to a Parent
18–99 years oldDeafblindness is when both sight and hearing are severely affected. Your child therefore cannot simply "make up" for one sense with the other, as a person with low vision or hearing loss alone might. This completely changes the way they understand and communicate with the world around them.
How this shows up in practice:
- Your child uses touch a lot to talk and understand: signs traced in their hand, movements, tactile gestures.
- They need to know who is there and who is talking to them, a small gesture, a contact before starting, reassures them and makes the exchange easier.
- Interactions take a lot of energy and attention, which is why tiredness is normal and significant.
- A social life is still possible, but it is organised differently: with clear landmarks, routines, and people who understand their needs.
Simple gestures, touching their hand before speaking, saying who you are, signalling when you leave, truly transform the quality of the exchange and let them take part in the life around them.
Deafblindness explained to a Teacher
18–99 years oldDeafblindness is the combination of a significant impairment of both sight and hearing. The two usual senses for perceiving the world are affected together, which radically changes communication.
In class, you may notice:
- the use of touch to understand (signs in the hand, writing on the palm),
- the presence of a specialised support person,
- significant tiredness,
- a social life that is possible but structured differently.
To make the classroom more inclusive:
- touch the child's hand before speaking, signal who arrives and who leaves,
- write on the board and speak aloud, but above all: trust the tactile protocol that has been set up.
The child has their own way of grasping the world. Consistency and predictability are pillars.
Deafblindness explained to a Coworker
18–99 years oldDeafblindness is the combination of a significant impairment of both sight and hearing. At the office, it is rare in mainstream settings, more common in adapted ones.
You may notice:
- the use of touch (signs in the hand, writing on the palm),
- specific support,
- significant tiredness after each interaction,
- fully intact professional skills.
To make working together easier:
- touch the hand before speaking, say your name, signal who leaves,
- respect the pace of the exchange, naturally slower.
Communicating with a deafblind colleague takes patience. Respecting their codes is a team skill in its own right.
Deafblindness explained to a Recruiter or HR
18–99 years oldDeafblindness is the combination of a significant loss of vision and hearing. With both senses affected at the same time, the person has to radically adapt the way they communicate and interact with their environment.
In a professional context, this involves simple but essential adjustments:
- Communicating through touch (tactile signs in the hand, writing on the palm)
- Always announcing your presence before speaking, saying your name, and signalling when you leave
- Anticipating interactions, since each exchange requires significant mental effort
These small communication codes allow for smooth collaboration. The person remains fully able to contribute to your team: the key is to adapt the communication channel, not the skills expected.
Deafblindness explained to a Spouse or partner
18–99 years oldDeafblindness means losing a significant part of both sight and hearing at the same time. The two usual doorways to the world are reduced, which completely changes how you communicate together.
In practice, this means:
- Communicating mainly through touch, signs traced in the hand, writing on the palm, gestures you learn together
- Always letting them know before you arrive, leave, or touch them, otherwise it's disorienting
- Accepting that exchanges are much more tiring: every conversation takes real focus
- Reorganizing social life, but it's possible, just differently
Small rituals become essential: touch the hand before speaking, clearly say who you are, announce when you're leaving. These simple codes become your shared language and provide reassurance.
Deafblindness explained to a Neighbor
18–99 years oldDeafblindness is when a person has great difficulty both seeing and hearing. These two senses we usually rely on to communicate with the world are affected at the same time.
Here's what changes in interactions:
- The person mainly uses touch to understand: signs traced in the hand, writing on the palm.
- They need to know who comes near them and who is speaking to them.
- Every conversation takes a lot of energy, which can tire them quickly.
If you come across them, a few simple gestures help a lot: lightly touch their hand before speaking, say your name, let them know when you leave. These small codes make exchanges easier for them.
Deafblindness explained to a Activity leader or youth supervisor
18–99 years oldDeafblindness is when a person sees and hears very little at the same time. Without these two senses, they can't perceive the world the way others do. They really depend on touch and direct contact to communicate and understand what's happening around them.
What you should spot:
- The person doesn't respond to spoken calls or visual gestures from a distance
- They get very close, seek physical contact
- They seem isolated or tired after interactions
How to include and lead activities:
- Touch their hand or arm before speaking, it's your signal to say "it's me"
- Say your name every time you arrive, even if you see each other often
- Let them know when you leave so they don't feel abandoned
- Use simple tactile signs (presses, drawings on the palm) that they understand
- Allow time between exchanges, it takes a lot of energy
These small gestures build their confidence and keep them connected to the group. They can take part fully if you include them with these simple codes.
Deafblindness explained to a Adult
26–59 years oldDeafblindness combines a significant loss of both sight and hearing at the same time. With both usual channels for understanding the world affected, the person has to rely on other means of communication, mainly touch.
- Touch becomes essential: signs traced on the palm, tactile sign language, or simple contact to create a link.
- Predictability matters a lot: announcing your presence, saying who you are, signalling when you leave avoids unsettling them.
- Exchanges take energy: each interaction requires significant focus and adaptation, which is why tiredness is real.
A social life remains entirely possible, but it is organised with clear codes and kindness. Simple gestures, touching the hand before speaking, introducing yourself, signalling changes, transform the quality of the relationship and greatly ease mutual understanding.
Deafblindness explained to a Manager or line manager
26–59 years oldDeafblindness is the combination of significant visual and hearing impairment. With both senses affected at the same time, the person communicates and perceives the world very differently from others.
In daily life at work, this can show up as:
- Communication that goes mainly through touch (signs in the hand, tactile writing on the palm)
- A need to be informed of each interaction: who arrives, who is speaking, when someone leaves
- Increased tiredness, since each exchange requires intense concentration
- A professional and social life that is entirely possible, but organised with adapted codes
Simple gestures change everything: touching the hand lightly before speaking, introducing yourself, signalling when you leave. These small habits build trust and greatly ease the person's integration into the team.
Deafblindness explained to a Senior
60–99 years oldDeafblindness is the situation of a person whose sight and hearing are both severely affected. These two senses, which usually connect us to the world, work less well at the same time. This calls for adapting the way we communicate, but social life remains entirely possible.
The people involved develop other forms of communication:
- Touch becomes a main channel: signs traced in the hand, writing on the palm allow exchange
- A simple heads-up is enough: saying your name, announcing that you are arriving or leaving really changes things
- A legitimate tiredness after exchanges, because the focus is intense
These small everyday codes, touching the hand before speaking, introducing yourself, signalling when you leave, transform the interaction. With these landmarks, everyone's independence and dignity are fully affirmed.
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